New publication by V. Trotsiuk et al shows that windstorms were likely the most important past disturbance agent. The probability of an epidemic bark beetle attack was low, although the possibility of small local outbreaks cannot be excluded. An additional, potentially overlooked, agent of disturbance could be historic periods of extreme cold. The extensive research A mixed severity disturbance regime in the primary Picea abies (L.) Karst. forests of the Ukrainian Carpathians is available online in Forest Ecology and Management.